Introduction

Kisspeptins are a family of peptides that act as natural ligands for the G-protein coupled receptor GPR54 (KISS1R). The discovery of kisspeptin reshaped understanding of puberty onset and reproductive function. Among the kisspeptin fragments, Kisspeptin-10 (a 10–amino acid sequence at the C-terminus of kisspeptin) retains full biological activity, making it a popular molecule for research.

Mechanism of Action

• GnRH stimulation: KP-10 activates GPR54 receptors in hypothalamic neurons, causing pulsatile release of GnRH.
• Reproductive hormone cascade: This leads to increased luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion, ultimately influencing gonadal steroidogenesis.
• Fertility regulation: Plays a central role in puberty initiation, fertility, and maintenance of reproductive health.

Research Findings

Reproductive Biology

• Puberty onset: Mutations in KISS1 or GPR54 cause delayed or absent puberty in humans and animals.
• Fertility treatments: KP-10 has been investigated as a trigger for LH/FSH release in women undergoing IVF (in vitro fertilization).
• Male reproduction: Preclinical work shows KP-10 may improve testosterone release and spermatogenesis through GnRH–LH stimulation.

Metabolism & Behavior

• Some evidence links kisspeptin signaling to metabolic regulation, sexual behavior, and mood regulation.
• Studies suggest KP-10 may modulate stress response pathways through hypothalamic signaling.

Dosing in Research

Animal Models

• Typical KP-10 doses: 10–100 μg per animal per day, usually via injection (mice and rats).
• Shown to increase LH and FSH levels within minutes of administration.

Human Clinical Studies

• IV bolus doses: 0.1–1.0 nmol/kg have been tested in women and men, producing rapid increases in LH/FSH.
• Infusion protocols: Continuous intravenous infusion of KP-10 has been used to study LH pulsatility.
• Note: These are controlled clinical trial settings, not approved therapeutic uses.

Applications in Research

• Fertility research: Exploring alternatives to hCG in IVF protocols.
• Pubertal disorders: Understanding mechanisms of delayed or precocious puberty.
• Endocrinology studies: Mapping GnRH–LH–FSH signaling.
• Potential clinical translation: Investigational use in infertility treatment and reproductive endocrinology.

Safety & Limitations

• Generally well tolerated in controlled studies.
• Rapidly metabolized; short half-life limits duration of action.
• No FDA-approved use; KP-10 remains a research tool, not a medical therapy.

Conclusion

Kisspeptin-10 is a potent regulator of the reproductive axis with significant value in reproductive biology research. Its ability to stimulate GnRH, LH, and FSH secretion makes it an attractive candidate for studying infertility and puberty disorders. However, translation into clinical therapies requires further safety and efficacy studies.

References (sample)

1. Dhillo WS, et al. (2005). Kisspeptin-54 stimulates the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis in human males. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2. Jayasena CN, et al. (2014). Kisspeptin-10 administration stimulates reproductive hormone secretion in women with hypothalamic amenorrhea. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
3. Colledge WH. (2015). Kisspeptins and GnRH neuronal signalling. Reproduction.

⚠️ Disclaimer: Kisspeptin-10 is an experimental peptide. Doses reported here are from animal and controlled human research studies. It is not FDA-approved for medical treatment.

NOT FOR HUMAN USE. FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY